Types, Causes & Prevention of Neurologic Injury

Traumatic Brain Injury (TBI): Damage to living brain tissue caused by an external, mechanical force. It is usually characterized by a

period of altered consciousness (amnesia or coma) that can be very brief (minutes) or very long (months/indefinitely). The specific

disabling condition(s) may be orthopedic, visual, aural, neurologic, perceptive/cognitive, or mental/emotional in nature. The term does not

include brain injuries that are caused by insufficient blood supply, toxic substances, malignancy, disease producing organisms, congenital

disorders, birth trauma or degenerative processes.
TBI may result from:

Motor vehicle accident
Fall
Sports injury
Assault
Penetrating head injury


Closed Head Injury (CHI)): A subset of a traumatic brain injury in which the skull is not breeched. Occurs when the head accelerates and

then rapidly decelerates or collides with another object (for example the windshield of a car) and brain tissue is damaged, not by the

presence of a foreign object within the brain, but by violent smashing, stretching, and twisting, of brain tissue. Closed brain injuries

typically cause diffuse tissue damage that result in disabilities which are generalized and highly variable.
Acquired Brain Injury (ABI): The implication of this term is that the individual experienced normal growth and development from

conception through birth, until sustaining an insult to the brain at some later time which resulted in impairment of brain function.
You can see more information on our Florida Institute for Neurologic Rehabilitation, Inc resources page.
Types of acquired brain injury:

Abscess
Aneurysm
Anoxia/hypoxia
Arterioveneous Malformation (AVM)
Encephalitis
Fetal alcohol syndrome
Meningitis
Metabolic encephalopathy
Seizure disorder
Stroke
Tourette syndrome
Toxic exposure
Tumor


Neurologic injury has many forms resulting from several causes. These broad categories include:

Traumatic Brain Injury (TBI)
Motor vehicle accident
Fall
Sports injury
Assault
Penetrating head injury
Closed Head Injury (CHI)
Subset of a traumatic brain injury in which the skull is not breeched
Acquired Brain Injury (ABI)
Abscess
Aneurysm
Anoxia/hypoxia
Arterioveneous Malformation (AVM)
Encephalitis
Fetal alcohol syndrome
Meningitis
Metabolic encephalopathy
Seizure disorder
Stroke
Tourette syndrome
Toxic exposure
Tumor


For an explanation of injury types, please refer to the Types page.
Traumatic Brain Injury (TBI) Statistics from the United States Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC):

In the United States, people sustain about 1.7 million traumatic brain injuries (TBI) per year.
Of those, 75% are concussions or other forms of mild traumatic brain injury.
Individuals aged 0-4, 15-19, and 65+ are the most likely to sustain a TBI.
Males are more likely to sustain a TBI than females.
Causes of TBI:
Falls - 35.2%
Unknown/Other - 21%
Motor Vehicle/Traffic - 17.3%
Struck By/Against - 16.5%
Assault - 10%
TBI from Falls are highest among individuals aged 0-4 and 75+ years.



The Florida Institute for Neurologic Rehabilitation, Inc. (FINR) was founded in an effort to provide high quality, clinically relevant, and

cost-effective brain injury rehabilitation and support living services.
The Team
All of our programs are staffed by cohesive teams of professionals trained in various therapeutic disciplines. Each team at the facility

consists of professionals, many of them are multilingual.
View a list of Our Team
Family Services
We believe that the family is an integral part of the rehabilitation process. We offer family support services including family counseling,

support groups, education programs, and assistance with housing while visiting.
The Referral Procedure
To make a referral, or for more information, call 800-697-5390. A Referral Coordinator will set-up an evaluation, at no cost to you, with

one of our trained professionals.
View the Referral & Admission Process